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• MISHNAH — (Heb. מִשְׁנָה). The term mishnah is used in a number of different ways (see below), but when used as a proper noun ( the Mishnah ) it designates the collection of rabbinic traditions redacted by Rabbi judah ha nasi (usually called simply Rabbi ) …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

• KARAITES — (Heb. בַּעֲלֵי מִקְרָא ,בְּנֵי מִקְרָא ,קָרָאִים, Qaraʾim, Benei Miqra, Ba alei Miqra; Ar. Qarāʾiyyūn), Jewish sect which came into being toward the middle of the ninth century. (See Map: karaite Settlement). Its doctrine is characterized… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism